WHAT IS GOING ON.. NASA Admits Something Terrifying is Happening
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Recently, there was an unusual solar storm on the Sun, which formed a giant fire canyon. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory showed a vivid animation of this huge ejection of charged plasma. The solar wind reached Earth in April 2022, and on August 9, after a solar flare, charged particles bombarded our planet again. At 600 km per second, they collided into Earth’s magnetosphere, causing auroras. The northern lights were visible in the US states from Maine to New York. But scientists say this time, we were just lucky. If a more powerful solar storm hit the Earth instead of a brilliant celestial show, it could have ended in a disaster. Solar storms have already shown their destructive power at least twice in the past. Now, our Sun is once again nearing its maximum activity, and the likelihood of another powerful burst of plasma is increasing. How did these solar flares affect our planet in the past, and does the peak of our star’s activity in 2023 threaten the Earth’s destruction? Solar wind is created when a stream of high-energy particles can no longer be held back by the Sun’s gravity. Scientists think these solar winds blast from large dark spots on the star, called coronal holes. The Sun is a huge distance from Earth, and yet coronal mass ejections can reach us in between two to six days. But the highest-energy particles can overcome the same distance in just two minutes. Most of them are redirected to the poles by the planet’s magnetic field, and only a small number of particles penetrate the atmosphere, emitting rays as they collide with gas molecules, causing the atoms to give off light. But sometimes the Sun starts having extremely powerful flares with the energy of about 10 to the 25 joules. That’s roughly equal to millions of 100 megaton hydrogen bombs. During such a solar storm, plasma rushes through space twice as fast as usual. It bombards the magnetic field of planet Earth with such force that charged particles either pierce or significantly deform it. The result is the formation of geomagnetic storms, the strongest of which can lead to many disasters. On September 2, 1859, British astronomer Richard Carrington observed a giant solar flare. Eighteen hours later, one of the strongest geomagnetic storms we know of struck Earth. On that day, telegraphs in all of Europe and North America stopped working, and many telegraph poles were burned. People could see the northern lights almost all over the planet. Mankind recovered from the accident relatively quickly, but our civilization wasn’t as dependent on electricity as it is now. When another major solar storm struck Earth in March 1989, the entire Canadian province of Quebec plunged into darkness, leaving millions of people without electricity for 12 hours. The solar outburst that caused this wasn’t that powerful. If the next explosion on the Sun reaches the power of the Carrington event, the most intense geomagnetic storm in recorded history, it would be a catastrophe. In the past, scientists thought that the solar storms of this magnitude don’t occur more often than once a century. But then, scientists from the University of Warwick and the British Antarctic Survey analyzed the patterns of solar flares. They discovered that powerful magnetic storms are much more frequent than previously thought. Solar activity has approximately an 11-year cycle. At its peak, the Sun develops a particularly violent activity, and charged particles are directed towards the Earth one after another. Researchers have analyzed the complete catalog of changes of a magnetic field of the Earth. The results confirmed that the most significant bursts of geomagnetic activity coincide with the most powerful explosions on the Sun. The team of scientists identified two types of the most dangerous events for the Earth – strong magnetic superstorms and the strongest destructive megastorms. The former occur on average every three years. They affect the health of weather-dependent people, often causing headaches, blood pressure spikes, exacerbation of chronic diseases. But they don’t lead to significant technical failures. Megastorms are much rarer. Over 150 years, researchers have counted only six such events. So solar storms range on our planet about every 25 years. And over the past two decades, there have been no megastorms. Scientists expect the next one to happen in the near future.
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